Voltage-sensitive dye recording of glossopharyngeal nerve-related synaptic networks in the embryonic mouse brainstem.
The glossopharyngeal nerve (N.IX) transfers motor and sensory info associated to visceral and somatic features, resembling salivary secretion, gustation and the management of blood strain. N.IX-related neural circuits are indispensable for these important features. In contrast with the strenuous evaluation of morphogenesis, we’re solely simply beginning to elucidate the functiogenesis of those neural circuits throughout ontogenesis. Within the current examine, we utilized voltage-sensitive dye recording to the embryonic mouse brainstem, and examined the useful growth of the N.IX-related neural circuits.
First, we optically recognized the motor nucleus (the inferior salivatory nucleus (ISN)) and the first-order sensory nucleus (the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS)). We additionally succeeded in recording optical responses within the second/higher-order sensory nuclei by way of the NTS, together with the parabrachial nucleus. Second, we pursued neuronal excitability and the onset of synaptic perform within the N.IX-related nuclei. The neurons within the ISN have been excitable not less than at E11, and useful synaptic transmission within the NTS was first expressed at E12. Within the second/higher-order sensory nuclei, synaptic perform emerged at round E12-13.
Third, by mapping optical responses to N.IX and vagus nerve (N.X) stimulation, we confirmed that the distribution patterns of neural exercise within the NTS have been totally different between the N.IX and the N.X from the early stage of ontogenesis. We focus on N.IX-related neural circuit formation within the brainstem, as compared with our earlier outcomes obtained from chick and rat embryos.
Gradual aggravation of idiopathic glossopharyngeal neuralgia attributable to continual tonsillitis: A case report.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a uncommon kind of neuralgia. Relying on the trigger, it’s categorized as idiopathic GPN and secondary GPN. Secondary GPN can be attributable to a mass impact or irritation of the tonsils, the innervation space of glossopharyngeal nerve.The affected person was recognized idiopathic GPN eight years in the past. The affected person had intermittent ache, however the ache was properly managed.
From 5 months in the past, the ache steadily worsened, the affected person complained extreme ache which impaired chewing and swallowing perform.Idiopathic GPN, secondary GPN, continual tonsillitis INTERVENTIONS:: Percutaneous glossopharyngeal nerve block, glossopharyngeal neurolysis, and pulsed radiofrequency neuromodulation of glossopharyngeal nerve have been carried out.
After the analysis of tonsillitis, antibiotic remedy was carried out OUTCOMES:: Two weeks after the antibiotic remedy, the ache decreased concurrently with the affected person’s tonsillitis restoration.In a Affected person who had already been recognized with idiopathic GPN, each ache management and its trigger ought to be thought-about when the ache is aggravated.
Efficacy Comparability of Microvascular Decompression and Rhizotomy within the Remedy of Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: A Retrospective Evaluation of 37 Instances.
To guage and examine the long-term efficacy and security of microvascular decompression (MVD) and glossopharyngeal nerve roots rhizotomy (GNR) within the remedy of glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN).The information of 37 sufferers with glossopharyngeal neuralgia present process MVD alone and MVD + GNR from July 2004 to March 2017 have been analyzed retrospectively.Efficacy: Within the 22 circumstances of the MVD group, 19 circumstances have been cured and three circumstances have been improved.
Within the 15 circumstances of the MVD + GNR group, 14 circumstances have been cured and 1 case improved. There was no important distinction between the 2 teams (chi-square check, p > 0.05).Postoperative issues within the MVD group: 2 sufferers had short-term hoarseness and ingesting cough, 1 case had cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 1 case had intracranial an infection, and 1 case had ipsilateral listening to loss, with no deaths.
Postoperative issues within the MVD + GNR group: everlasting hoarseness in 2 circumstances, short-term ingesting cough and hoarseness in four circumstances, ipsilateral facial paralysis in 1 case, and cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 1 case, with no intracranial an infection or loss of life. The incidence of postoperative hoarseness and ingesting cough within the MVD + GNR group was greater than that within the MVD group (chi-square check, p < 0.05).MVD alone was a protected and efficient technique for the remedy of main glossopharyngeal neuralgia. The efficacy was equal to MVD + GNR, and there was a decrease incidence of hoarseness and ingesting cough.
A New Neuropathologic Mechanism of Blood pH Irregularities After Neck Trauma: Significance of Carotid Physique-Glossopharyngeal Nerve Community Degeneration.
We created a neck trauma mannequin by injecting blood into the sheath of rabbits’ carotid our bodies (CBs). Then we decided the connection between neuronal degeneration of the CB attributable to hemorrhage of this organ and its medical results resembling blood pH and coronary heart rhythm.The current examine included 24 grownup male New Zealand rabbits.
The animals have been divided into Three teams: management (n = 5); sham (0.5 mL saline injected into CBs; n = 5); and examine (CB trauma mannequin; n = 14). pH values and coronary heart rhythms have been recorded earlier than the experiment to find out the values beneath regular circumstances, and measurements have been repeated thrice within the days following the experiment. The variety of regular and degenerated neuron density of CBs was counted. The connection between the blood pH values, coronary heart rhythms, and degenerated neuron densities was analyzed.
CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: A retrospective medical examine of 117 circumstances.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a uncommon dysfunction of the ninth cranial nerve. Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRT) is a longtime remedy for neuropathic ache. Since PRT was first utilized with GPN, only some research have supplied detailed studies on its medical outcomes and issues, and the variety of circumstances was small. The purpose of this examine was to analyze the results, incidence charges, and severity of hostile occasions of computed tomography (CT)-guided PRT in 117 sufferers with GPN.
A complete of 117 sufferers with idiopathic GPN underwent CT-guided PRT from July 2004 to December 2016. A retrospective evaluate of medical data was carried out to analyze baseline traits and rapid outcomes after operation. Lengthy-term outcomes have been obtained by way of phone interviews. Sufferers have been adopted up at Three months, 6 months, and thereafter, yearly after operation. Based on Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) ache scale, the results of this remedy have been categorized into 5 ranges. Antagonistic occasions, frequencies, severity, and restoration occasions of issues have been recorded.Sufferers who have been categorized into BNI class I and BNI class II skilled glorious ache aid. Ninety-six sufferers (82.1%) achieved “glorious” ache aid instantly after remedy.
The imply follow-up interval was 73.6 months (vary, 13-150). With regard to long-term outcomes, the proportion of sufferers who skilled “glorious” ache aid was 75.9% at 1 yr, 63.0% at Three years, 54.0% at 5 years, 44.2% at 10 years, and 39.3% at 12.5 years. Problems, which included dysphagia, lingual numbness, pharynx and larynx numbness, hoarseness, and irregular sense of style, have been graded 1 as outlined by the Landriel Ibanez classification, and all issues disappeared inside 12.9 ± 5.1 weeks.
This examine signifies that PRT is a minimally invasive process that results in minor issues and is confirmed to have rapid and long-term effectiveness for managing GPN. It’s particularly appropriate for sufferers with contraindication to surgical procedure and sufferers who require recurrent remedy. We offer an in depth report of the hostile occasions skilled by GPN sufferers who underwent PRT.